A Crystallization Study of Titania Nanotubes for Enhanced Solar Energy Harvesting

TiO2 nanotubes have the potential to revolutionize renewable energy by increasing the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs); however, synthesizing the large quantities of highly pure nanotubes for industrial use remains challenging. This study examined the effects of annealing parameters on the crystallization of anatase in order to optimize the operations of DSSCs.